There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been viewed , times. Learn more Private Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems POWTS , more commonly referred to as septic systems, are used primarily in rural areas of the country where waste water treatment is not available.
These systems fall into two general categories- 1. Alternative systems usually include electric pumps. This is a project recommended for a professional with experience in the field due to the potential risk to environment by pollution of the watershed. Yet, it is still possible in many health jurisdictions in the USA for an individual property owner with skill sets in heavy equipment operation to use a backhoe to install a septic system.
Note: the following process is presuming that it is a brand new installation, and not a replacement system. Log in Social login does not work in incognito and private browsers.
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Tips and Warnings. Things You'll Need. Related Articles. Prepare and design your system. The first step in any septic installation is to perform a site survey and do a percolation soil test on the area where the POWTS is going to be installed. After this, the appropriate permits and approvals can be applied for. Soil test findings that influence the design include things like: soil type and layering sand, clay, rock, and where it is located relative to depth ability of the soil to drain and filter wastewater.
Wait for approval. Upon receipt of the necessary permits and approvals, the system can be installed. Be sure to perform the following procedures in compliance with any and all laws and applicable plumbing and building codes.
Method 1. Assemble the equipment and tools needed for excavation. You will need: Backhoe Laser transit and grade pole 4" Sch. Zoeller or similar if required. Find where you want to go into the building relative to where you want to place the septic tank.
Excavate to at least 2 feet deep and drill a hole through the wall, or go deeper and go under the footing, whichever is desired, or necessary. Plan for the flow to go downhill from here, as this is exactly what a gravity fed system is all about.
It does not use a mechanical means other than gravity to discharge the waste from the tank to the drain field. Pipe 4" Sch. Go further or all the way into the tank if required. If not, switch to 4" with the appropriate adapter and pipe toward the tank with Be sure to put a test cap on the end going into the building. If going through the wall, seal around the hole with hydraulic cement, inside and out. Don't run too much pitch going out to the tank. If there's too much, the water runs away faster than the solids, and the solids may get left in the pipe.
Also, there may not be enough pitch to get to the drain field, depending on the depth your drain field is, and how close it will be to the outlet of the tank. Excavate a hole large enough to set the concrete aerobic tank below ground. Use the laser transit and "shoot" the top of the pipe going out to the tank. Measure the distance from the top of the inlet, to the bottom of the tank. The grade pole is now set to the depth that you need.
Proceed to use this to excavate the hole to the appropriate depth. Know what expectations the health department has for the inspection. Do all the newly installed trenches need to be left open for inspection or is it okay to partially cover them?
Does all piping need to be exposed with ASTM ratings readable or is it okay to cover the pipes? Holding a very cute puppy is likely to help you get an approval slip from the health department. Be sure to back-fill around chambers as recommended by the chamber manufacturer. A sloppy back-filling job will result in unsightly settling in your yard and an angry spouse.
Your job is not finished until your establish a grass cover. Topping off your system with a dark loamy soil will help the new grass to thrive.
Some folks prefer hydro-seeding. Though more expensive, it will eliminate labor for your and guarantee some fast growing grass. Related: How to care for your septic system. Check out the feature article of the June edition of Onsite Installer Magazine. Do I need to upgrade my septic system? Septic Tank riser and lid. Search for:. The drainfield is a shallow, covered, excavation made in unsaturated soil. Pretreated wastewater is discharged through piping onto porous surfaces that allow wastewater to filter though the soil.
The soil accepts, treats, and disperses wastewater as it percolates through the soil, ultimately discharging to groundwater. If the drainfield is overloaded with too much liquid, it can flood, causing sewage to flow to the ground surface or create backups in toilets and sinks. Finally, the wastewater percolates into the soil, naturally removing harmful coliform bacteria, viruses and nutrients.
Coliform bacteria is a group of bacteria predominantly inhabiting the intestines of humans or other warm-blooded animals. It is an indicator of human fecal contamination. Do you have a septic system? If you do not know, here are tell-tale signs that you probably do: You use well water. The waterline coming into your home does not have a meter. Your neighbors have a septic system. Checking your yard for lids and manhole covers. Contacting a septic system service provider to help you locate it.
Failure symptoms: Mind the signs!
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